相关实验视频
Updated: Aug 19, 2026

14:56
An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain (PPOP)
Published on: January 27, 2010
手术前的吗啡可以预防术后的疼痛
C E Richmond1, L M Bromley, C J Woolf
1Academic Department of Anaesthesia, University College London School of Medicine, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|July 10, 1993
概括
在手术前静脉注射吗啡显著减少了术后疼痛和止痛药的需求. 这种预防性止痛药可以防止中心敏感化,从而减少手术后的疼痛和过敏.
科学领域:
- 麻醉学 麻醉学
- 疼痛管理 疼痛管理
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 手术后的疼痛管理通常是传统方法不足的.
- 了解疼痛机制对于有效缓解疼痛至关重要.
- 预防性止痛可以减轻由手术性 nociception 引起的中心敏感性.
研究的目的:
- 评估使用静脉注射吗啡预防性止痛疗法的疗效.
- 为了比较手术前和手术后给药的吗啡对术后疼痛的影响.
- 评估对止痛药消费和疼痛敏感性的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项随机,双盲研究,涉及60名接受全腹切除术的患者.
- 三组接受了10毫克吗啡:在1小时前肌肉内注射 (im pre),在麻醉诱导时静脉注射 (iv pre) 或在腹关闭时静脉注射 (iv post).
- 通过患者控制的止痛疗法 (PCA) 测量了吗啡消耗和疼痛敏感性.
主要成果:
- 静脉注射预防性吗啡 (IV pre) 与术后 (IV post) 相比,显著降低了24小时的PCA吗啡消耗.
- 在手术部位周围的疼痛敏感性在两个预防性组 (即前,IV前) 与IV后组相比降低.
- 预防性止痛疗法在减少整体疼痛和超痛症方面表现出有效性.
结论:
- 静脉注射吗啡的预防性止痛疗法有效地减少了术后疼痛和止痛药的需求.
- 在手术前静脉注射吗啡可以防止中心敏感化,从而减少二次过敏症.
- 这种方法为手术患者提供了改进的疼痛管理策略.
相关概念视频
Analgesia and Pain Management
Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners
Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids
Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy
Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management
Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...
Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management
During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...

