相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 19, 2026

19:56
Introduction to Solid Supported Membrane Based Electrophysiology
Published on: May 11, 2013
对乳酸盐,酸盐和其他单碳酸盐的膜载体的分子表征:对科里循环的含义
C K Garcia1, J L Goldstein, R K Pathak
1Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235.
Cell
|March 11, 1994
概括
研究人员克隆了MCT1,这是一种单碳酸盐运输体,对乳酸盐和酸盐在细胞膜上的运输至关重要. 这种载体在各种组织 (包括肌肉和精子) 的能量代谢中起着关键作用.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 生理学 生理学 生理学
背景情况:
- 乳酸盐和酸盐通过细胞膜的运输由单碳酸盐运输体 (MCT) 介导.
- 主要人体红细胞MCT的分子身份仍然难以捉摸.
- MCT对于细胞能量代谢和基质运输至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 克隆和描述编码主要人体红细胞单碳酸盐载体的cDNA.
- 研究克隆载体的组织分布和功能性质.
- 阐明这种载体在各种生理过程中的作用.
主要方法:
- 克隆一种编码单碳酸盐载体的cDNA (MCT1).
- MCT1的功能性特征,包括质子同载,变速加速和抑制器灵敏度.
- 使用分子和细胞生物学技术,分析各种人体组织中MCT1表达的分析.
主要成果:
- 克隆的cDNA编码MCT1,一个功能性单碳酸盐载体,其特性与红细胞MCT相似.
- MCT1表现出质子协输,转速,以及对α-cyanocinnamammates的敏感性.
- 在MCT1中,单个氨基酸替代 (Phe到Cys) 将其转化为美酸转运体 (Mev).
- 在红细胞,心肌和底侧肠道上皮质中,MCT1的表达很高.
- 骨肌的表达受限于富含线粒体的肌细胞.
- 在精子过渡期间,MCT1的表达从精子转移到上皮细胞.
- 肝脏中MCT1水平较低表明该器官中存在其他MCT.
结论:
- MCT1是克隆的红细胞单碳酸盐输送体,对乳酸盐和酸盐运输至关重要.
- 在科里循环中,MCT1通过从肠道和红细胞中输出乳酸,在科里循环中发挥着重要作用.
- MCT1参与肌肉和精子中的新型单碳酸代谢途径.
- 通过Phe到Cys的替代体证明,MCT1的功能可塑性突显了它在不同生理环境中的适应性.
相关概念视频
Pyruvate Oxidation
After glycolysis, the charged pyruvate molecules enter the mitochondria via active transport and undergo three enzymatic reactions. These reactions ensure that pyruvate can enter the next metabolic pathway so that energy stored in the pyruvate molecules can be harnessed by the cells.
First, the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase removes the carboxyl group from pyruvate and releases it as carbon dioxide. The stripped molecule is then oxidized and releases electrons, which are then picked up by NAD+...
First, the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase removes the carboxyl group from pyruvate and releases it as carbon dioxide. The stripped molecule is then oxidized and releases electrons, which are then picked up by NAD+...
The Significance of Membrane Transport
The transport of solutes across the cell membrane is essential for metabolic processes, like maintaining cell size and volume, generating the action potential, exchanging nutrients and gases, etc. Membrane transport can be either passive or active. It can be simple diffusion, facilitated, or mediated transport aided by transport proteins such as transporters and channels.
Transporters facilitate either an active or passive movement of solutes. They can allow a single-molecule transport down its...
Transporters facilitate either an active or passive movement of solutes. They can allow a single-molecule transport down its...
Membrane Transporters
Transporters are essential membrane transport proteins with functions related to cell nutrition, homeostasis, communication, etc. Approximately 7% of all genes in the human genome code for transporters or transporter-related proteins.
Transporters are mainly composed of alpha-helices, built from bundles of ten or more helices traversing the plasma membrane. The solute-binding sites are located midway, where some of the helices are broken or distorted, making space for the binding site through...
Transporters are mainly composed of alpha-helices, built from bundles of ten or more helices traversing the plasma membrane. The solute-binding sites are located midway, where some of the helices are broken or distorted, making space for the binding site through...
Primary Active Transport
In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction they would not...
Membrane Asymmetry Regulating Transporters
Enzymes like flippase, floppase, and scramblase transfer phospholipids from one layer to another in the membrane, thereby affecting membrane asymmetry.
Flippase
Eukaryotic flippases are type-IV P-type ATPases or P4-ATPases belonging to P-type ATPase family proteins that are membrane-bound pumps involved in the ATP-mediated transport of ions and molecules across the membrane. Flippases flip specific phospholipids from the outer to the inner leaflet of a membrane. All P4-ATPases have one...
Flippase
Eukaryotic flippases are type-IV P-type ATPases or P4-ATPases belonging to P-type ATPase family proteins that are membrane-bound pumps involved in the ATP-mediated transport of ions and molecules across the membrane. Flippases flip specific phospholipids from the outer to the inner leaflet of a membrane. All P4-ATPases have one...
The Significance of Membrane Transport
The transport of solutes across the cell membrane is essential for metabolic processes, like maintaining cell size and volume, generating the action potential, exchanging nutrients and gases, etc. Membrane transport can be either passive or active. It can be simple diffusion, facilitated, or mediated transport aided by transport proteins such as transporters and channels.
Transporters facilitate either an active or passive movement of solutes. They can allow a single-molecule transport down its...
Transporters facilitate either an active or passive movement of solutes. They can allow a single-molecule transport down its...

