环境烟草烟雾和非吸烟妇女的肺癌. 一个多中心的研究研究
E T Fontham1, P Correa, P Reynolds
1Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans 70112-1393.
JAMA
|June 8, 1994
概括
环境烟草烟雾 (ETS) 暴露显著增加了终身从未吸烟者肺癌的风险. 成年人暴露,特别是配偶暴露,会增加风险,更高的暴露水平与更大的风险相关.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 肺癌仍然是癌症死亡的主要原因之一.
- 终身从未吸烟的人被认为风险较低,但环境暴露可能起作用.
- 环境烟草烟雾 (ETS) 是一个已知的致癌物.
研究的目的:
- 为量化由于环境烟草烟雾 (ETS) 暴露而导致的终身吸烟者肺癌的相对风险 (RR).
- 调查不同来源和ETS暴露时间与肺癌风险之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 一个多中心,基于人口的病例控制研究在五个美国大都市地区进行.
- 包括653例女性肺癌病例和1253例对照病例,所有65岁及以上的终身不吸烟者.
- 使用调整的几率比率 (OR) 估计了相对风险,用于ETS暴露的95%置信区间 (CI).
主要成果:
- 伴侣吸烟与30%的肺癌风险增加有关 (调整后OR=1.29).
- 增加伴侣ETS暴露的包装年显示出显著的趋势 (P = .03),80+包装年与75%的风险增加有关.
- 在家庭,工作场所和社会环境中,成年人暴露于ETS会分别增加24%,39%和50%的肺癌风险,在最高水平时,联合暴露显示风险增加了75%.
结论:
- 成年期间暴露于环境烟草烟雾 (ETS) 显著增加了从未吸烟的人一生患肺癌的风险.
- 儿童ETS暴露,虽然与风险没有直接关联,但似乎增强了成人暴露的影响.
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