一个与背部相关的基因Dif,它调解了Drosophila的免疫反应
1Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0322.
Cell
|November 19, 1993
概括
一个新型的基因,背部相关免疫因子 (Dif),通过在感染时转移到细胞核来调节Drosophila幼虫的免疫反应. 这一发现表明,昆虫和哺乳动物免疫力之间有着共同的进化起源.
科学领域:
- 发育生物学 发展生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 在Drosophila胚胎中沿背中枢 (DV) 轴的基因表达调节和哺乳动物中的淋巴细胞受限表达具有相似之处.
- 这两种过程都依赖于监管因素,rel域 (dorsal和NF-kappa B) 被核运输控制.
- 研究了这些过程之间的潜在联系.
研究的目的:
- 鉴定和描述Drosophila中一种新的Rel含有的基因,称为背部相关免疫因子 (Dif).
- 调查Dif在Drosophila发育和免疫力中的作用.
- 探索昆虫和哺乳动物免疫系统之间的进化关系.
主要方法:
- 基因映射以确定Dif相对于背部基因的位置.
- 在正常和感染条件下,Dif在幼虫脂肪体细胞中的局部化研究.
- 对Dif在细菌感染或受伤时发生的核转移进行分析.
- 研究Dif与免疫基因促进体中的kappa B类序列动机的结合.
主要成果:
- 在Drosophila中发现了一种新的含Rel的基因Dif.
- 迪夫似乎没有参与DV模式,但在幼虫中介于免疫反应.
- 在幼虫脂肪体细胞中,Dif在细菌感染或受伤时从细胞质转移到细胞核.
- 在免疫基因的促进区域中,Dif与kappa B类序列结合.
结论:
- 在Drosophila幼虫的天生的免疫反应中,Dif起着至关重要的作用.
- 感染时Dif的核运输机制与哺乳动物的免疫调节具有相似之处.
- 这些发现表明,昆虫和哺乳动物免疫的共同进化起源.
相关概念视频
Exon Recombination
3.1K
The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes.
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
3.1K
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response
6.9K
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
6.9K
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity
1.7K
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
1.7K
Diversity of Antigen Receptors
2.1K
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
2.1K
B Cell Activation and Differentiation
14.4K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
14.4K
Immunodeficiency Diseases
3.7K
Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
3.7K


