在酵母RNA聚合酶II促进剂上化的DNA
1Section of Biochemistry, Molecular, and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
概括
酵母促进体中的DNA融与TATA盒子有关,而不是开始地点. 这一发现表明酵母和较高的真核细胞在促进区域组织和RNA聚合酶II协会中存在相似之处.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 促进器区域对于基因转录启动至关重要.
- 溶解DNA是转录启动的一个关键步骤.
- 塔塔盒和转录起始点是真核生物促进体中重要的调控元素.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究转录依赖DNA溶解和酵母中关键促进元件 (TATA盒,转录起点) 之间的关系.
- 为了确定相对于TATA盒子和转录开始地点的促进体化的精确位置.
- 探索RNA聚合酶II与促进体融化区域的关联.
主要方法:
- 对酵母GAL1和GAL10促进体上的DNA融化的分析.
- 与TATA盒子和转录开始位置的相关性分析.
- 物理和遗传分析以评估RNA聚合酶II的相关性.
主要成果:
- 在酵母GAL1和GAL10促进体上的转录依赖DNA融化与TATA盒比转录起点更强烈地相关.
- 促进子化启动了两个基因的TATA盒子下游大约20个基对.
- 有证据表明RNA聚合酶II与DNA融区域相关.
结论:
- 在酵母中促进体融和TATA盒之间的距离与在更高的真核生物中观察到的距离相似.
- 尽管转录开始地点的位置有差异,但酵母促进组织与较高的真核生物有相似之处,即TATA盒子接近DNA化.
- RNA聚合酶II在TATA盒-近端融区域的转录启动复合体形成中发挥作用.
相关概念视频
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases
RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
Bacterial Transcription
RNA polymerase (RNAP) carries out DNA-dependent RNA synthesis in both bacteria and eukaryotes. Bacteria do not have a membrane-bound nucleus. So, transcription and translation occur simultaneously, on the same DNA template.
Transcription can be divided into three main stages, each involving distinct DNA sequences to guide the polymerase. These are:
Transcription can be divided into three main stages, each involving distinct DNA sequences to guide the polymerase. These are:
Transcription Initiation
Initiation is the first step of transcription in eukaryotes. Prokaryotic RNA Polymerase (RNAP) can bind to the template DNA and start transcribing. On the other hand, transcription in eukaryotes requires additional proteins, called transcription factors, to first bind to the promoter region in the DNA template. This binding helps recruit the specific RNAP that can assemble on the DNA and start transcription.
The promoters and enhancers and their accessory proteins allow tight regulation of...
The promoters and enhancers and their accessory proteins allow tight regulation of...
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases
RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...


