美国青少年的怀孕,堕胎和出生率 - - 1980年,1985年和1990年
A M Spitz1, P Velebil, L M Koonin
1Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Reproductive Health, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724, USA.
JAMA
|April 3, 1996
概括
美国青少年怀孕率在20世纪80年代末上升,尽管堕胎率稳定. 增加的性活动导致性经验丰富的青少年怀孕率下降,但整体出生率显著增加.
科学领域:
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
- 人口统计学 人口统计学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 青少年怀孕在美国仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题.
- 以前的趋势表明,需要对青少年生殖健康指标进行更新分析.
研究的目的:
- 分析美国青少年女孩怀孕,堕胎和出生率的趋势.
- 检查不同年龄组 (15-19岁和15岁以下) 的这些比例,并根据性经验进行调整.
主要方法:
- 对青少年怀孕,堕胎和分娩的国家数据的回顾性分析.
- 1980年,1985年和1990年,对13至19岁女孩的比例进行了检查.
- 分析了整体的比率,并根据性经验进行了调整.
主要成果:
- 从1985年到1990年,15至19岁的青少年的总体怀孕率增加了9%.
- 在15-19岁的有性经验的青少年中,怀孕率在1980年至1990年期间下降了8%.
- 15-19岁青少年的出生率在20世纪80年代末增加了18%,到1990年达到每1000人中59.9人.
- 15岁以下女孩的出生率在20世纪80年代末增加了26%,这是由于稳定的怀孕和堕胎率的下降.
结论:
- 尽管有公共卫生方面的努力,但与其他发达国家相比,美国青少年怀孕和出生率仍然很高.
- 大多数 (95%) 的青少年怀孕是意外的.
- 增加预防策略是必要的,以应对持续的青少年怀孕率.
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