酵母菌的CDC16和CDC27基因将DNA复制限制在每细胞周期一次
1Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98104, USA.
Cell
|April 5, 1996
概括
酵母菌中的新基因CDC16和CDC27限制了DNA复制. 突变者在一个细胞周期内过度复制DNA,高达8C,突出显示它们在细胞周期控制中的作用.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 必须严格调节DNA复制,使其在每个细胞周期中只发生一次.
- 细胞循环控制系统通过防止DNA过度复制来确保基因组的稳定性.
- 了解参与复制控制的基因对于细胞循环研究至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在Saccharomyces cerevisiae中识别调节DNA复制的基因.
- 研究DNA过度复制发生的机制.
- 描述影响DNA复制的新条件等位基因.
主要方法:
- 在S. cerevisiae中检测DNA复制突变的遗传查.
- 分析DNA含量 (例如,8C DNA积累).
- 细胞周期分析,包括监测线粒分裂和START.
- 调查检查点激活 (例如,MEC1检查点).
- 评估循环素依赖的激酶活性 (例如,Clb2-Cdc28).
主要成果:
- 确定了CDC16和CDC27作为限制DNA复制到每细胞周期一次的基本基因.
- 一个屏幕确定了导致DNA重复的新条件等位基因 (高达8C).
- 过度复制发生在单个细胞周期内,涉及所有染色体,并可能触发MEC1检查点.
- 在过度复制的细胞中,Clb2-Cdc28活性持续升高.
- 这些发现区分了CDC16/CDC27角色与突变物,这些突变物通过异常线粒分裂导致过度复制.
结论:
- 疾病预防控制中心16和疾病预防中心27在防止S. cerevisiae中的DNA过度复制中发挥着关键作用.
- 这些基因可能通过调节S相启动者的向蛋白解来发挥作用.
- 这项研究为细胞周期控制和DNA复制忠实性的分子机制提供了新的见解.
相关概念视频
01:23Negative Regulator Molecules
Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
02:36DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle
In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
02:34Inhibition of Cdk Activity
The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
02:38S-Cdk Initiates DNA Replication
The cell cycle is a series of events leading to DNA duplication followed by the division of cell content to form two daughter cells. The cell cycle progresses in four stages—the cell increases in size (gap 1 or G1-phase), duplicates its DNA (synthesis or S-phase), prepares to divide (gap 2 or G2-phase), and divides (mitosis or M-phase).
Two states at the origin of replication
In eukaryotes, the initiation of replication occurs at many sites on the chromosomes, called the origins of replication.
Two states at the origin of replication
In eukaryotes, the initiation of replication occurs at many sites on the chromosomes, called the origins of replication.
02:36DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle
In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
02:38S-Cdk Initiates DNA Replication
The cell cycle is a series of events leading to DNA duplication followed by the division of cell content to form two daughter cells. The cell cycle progresses in four stages—the cell increases in size (gap 1 or G1-phase), duplicates its DNA (synthesis or S-phase), prepares to divide (gap 2 or G2-phase), and divides (mitosis or M-phase).
Two states at the origin of replication
In eukaryotes, the initiation of replication occurs at many sites on the chromosomes, called the origins of replication.
Two states at the origin of replication
In eukaryotes, the initiation of replication occurs at many sites on the chromosomes, called the origins of replication.