马拉维湖的杆菌病 在马拉维湖
M S Cetron1, L Chitsulo, J J Sullivan
1Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|November 9, 1996
概括
马拉维湖,一个以前未被识别的地点,发生了杆菌感染. 娱乐用水接触,特别是在麦克莱尔角,显著增加了外籍人士和游客的 Schistosoma haematobium 感染的风险.
科学领域:
- 热带医学 热带医学
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 1992年,在马拉维湖麦克莱尔角的和平部队志愿者中报告了中枢神经系统杆菌病例.
- 尽管马拉维湖被认为是无杆菌病的地区,但发生了这种情况.
- 这促使对马拉维湖的传播潜力和感染风险进行调查.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定马拉维湖杆菌病的传播潜力.
- 评估外籍人士和游客感染杆菌病的风险.
- 确定与增加风险相关的特定位置.
主要方法:
- 1993年对马拉维的外籍人士和游客进行了一项横截面调查.
- 参与者提供了血液样本,用于使用ELISA和免疫块进行Schistosoma haematobium和Schistosoma mansoni血清流行测试.
- 在马拉维湖西南岸进行了牛载体调查.
主要成果:
- 在955名参与者中,有303人 (32%) 显示有血清学证据表明他们患有瘤感染.
- 在那些仅限于马拉维湖的淡水接触者中,血清流行率为32% (141/440).
- 感染风险随着马拉维湖度假村的淡水暴露频率的增加而增加,马克莱角显示出最高的关联 (OR 2.9).
- 在麦克莱尔角和其他地点发现了受感染的Bulinus globosus牛,S. haematobium的载体.
结论:
- 在马拉维的外籍人士和游客中,schistosoma haematobium感染非常普遍. 马拉维的外籍人士和游客中,schistosoma haematobium感染非常普遍.
- 在受欢迎的马拉维湖度假村的娱乐用水接触是感染的可能来源.
- 马拉维湖是一个重要的,以前未被认可的杆菌病传播地点.
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