在美国医学院教授人权的教学
1Department of Family Practice, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109-0708, USA. jsonis@umich.edu.
JAMA
|November 27, 1996
概括
美国医学院在所需的生物伦理课程中涵盖了大约一半的关键人权问题. 像歧视这样的国内问题比国际问题更为普遍,公立学校教学主题较少.
科学领域:
- 医疗教育 医学教育
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
- 人权 人权 人权 人权 人权.
背景情况:
- 美国医学院的生物伦理课程对于培养未来的医生至关重要.
- 了解人权对于道德医疗实践至关重要.
- 人权在医学教育中的整合需要进行调查.
研究的目的:
- 评估将人权问题纳入美国医学院生物伦理学课程中的必要内容.
- 确定医学院内与人权教育程度相关的因素.
主要方法:
- 在125所美国医学院向生物伦理课程和部分主任分发了一项横截面调查.
- 人权教学的程度是通过16个具体的人权问题所涵盖的百分比来量化.
- 响应率为90% (125所学校中有113所).
主要成果:
- 医学院在所需的生物伦理课程中涵盖了大约45%的16个人权问题.
- 国内的人权问题 (例如,医疗保健歧视) 比国际问题 (例如,医生参与酷刑,17%) 更频繁 (82%).
- 与私立机构相比,公立医学院纳入的人权问题要少得多 (P<.01).
结论:
- 美国医学院的强制性生物伦理课程不充分地解决了人权的医学层面.
- 特别是国际人权问题,在当前的医学教育中代表性不足.
- 需要进一步制定课程,以确保医生获得全面的人权教育.
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