美国医生劳动力的基准测试. 基于需求或需求的规划的替代方案
D C Goodman1, E S Fisher, T A Bubolz
1Center for the Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
JAMA
|December 11, 1996
概括
基于人口的基准测试为估计医生劳动力需求提供了一种实用方法. 这种方法优于基于需求或需求的规划,以确保足够的医生供应.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 医疗劳动力规划 医疗劳动力规划
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 传统的医生劳动力规划依赖于基于需求或需求的模型.
- 这些方法可能不能准确地反映区域医疗保健市场所需的实际医生供应.
- 需要一种替代方法来估计临床活跃的医生劳动力.
研究的目的:
- 建议和评估以人口为基础的基准测试作为替代的规划方法.
- 为了估计一个合理的大小,临床上活跃的美国医生劳动力.
- 为了比较不同区域医疗保健市场的医生供应.
主要方法:
- 对1993年医生主档 (美国医学会和美国骨科医生协会) 的横截面分析.
- 对306个美国医院转诊区域内居民人口的分析.
- 对比人均医生人数 (调整以人口统计和利用率) 与基准,包括大型卫生维护组织 (HMO) 和特定区域市场.
主要成果:
- 美国96%的人口居住在总体医生人数高于HMO基准的地区.
- 专业劳动力超过了所有三个基准,占人口的74%.
- 人均通用医师劳动力和区域内通用医师比例之间没有显著的关系.
结论:
- 基于人口的基准测试为医生劳动力估计提供了与基于需求或需求的规划相比的实际优势.
- 医生劳动力基准强调不同地区的就业机会.
- 一般医师与专家的比率不能充分衡量一般医师的劳动力供应;需要进一步研究劳动力规模和人口结果.
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