在医院通过肝素锁传播的Plasmodium falciparum疟疾
H A Abulrahi1, E A Bohlega, R E Fontaine
1Field Epidemiology Training Program, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Lancet (London, England)
|January 4, 1997
概括
在医院获得的疟疾 (HAFM) 传播是由于与肝素锁使用的共享注射器而发生的. 这突显了医疗机构血液传播病原体传播的风险.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 医院流行病学 医院流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 在沙特阿拉伯的利雅得,一群急性Plasmodium falciparum疟疾 (AFM) 病例表明医院传播.
- 社区调查发现,住院是受影响个人的共同因素.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查急性Plasmodium falciparum疟疾在医院传播的情况.
- 确定导致医院获得疟疾 (HAFM) 的特定做法.
主要方法:
- 调查了所有入住儿科医院的AFM患者 (1991年12月至1992年4月).
- 根据旅行史和住院情况,疟疾被归类为本地获得 (LAFM) 或医院获得 (HAFM).
- 对照患者对HAFM病例的暴露和护理实践进行了比较.
- 进行了关于亲肠道药物管理的匿名问卷.
主要成果:
- 在21例LAFM病例中,有20例 (95%) 已先前入院,而对照病例则为25% (p < 0.001).
- 在之前的入院期间,HAFM患者更有可能与AFM患者共用房间或邻近的房间 (p < 0.001).
- 90%的HAFM患者在之前的入院期间使用了肝素锁,而一般患者的比例为49% (p < 0.001).
- 护士报告使用单注射器用于多次肝素锁 (10%) 和准备注射器用于多次剂量 (50%).
结论:
- 疟原虫 (Plasmodium falciparum) 疟疾在患者之间通过使用连续氨酸锁的共享注射器传播.
- 这种不安全的做法在医院环境中对传播其他血液传播的病原体构成重大风险.
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