与处方药的错误相关的因素
T S Lesar1, L Briceland, D S Stein
1Department of Pharmacy, Albany Medical Center, NY 12208, USA.
JAMA
|January 22, 1997
概括
药物处方错误通常源于诸如/肝功能改变,过敏和药物名称或计算不正确等因素. 解决这些常见问题可以显著减少药物不良事件对患者的伤害.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 临床药房 临床药房
- 患者安全 患者安全
背景情况:
- 错误的药物处方对患者的安全构成重大风险.
- 识别这些错误的根本原因对于制定有效的预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地识别和量化导致药物处方错误的因素的类型和频率.
- 评估与这些错误相关的患者不良结果的可能性.
主要方法:
- 在三级护理教学医院,在一年内对三分之一的可能具有临床意义的处方错误进行了系统评估.
- 错误同时对潜在的不良后果进行了评估,并由医生和药剂师进行了追溯分析,以确定相关因素.
主要成果:
- 总共分析了696个可能产生不良影响的错误.
- 最常见的特定因素包括/肝功能改变 (13.9%),患者过敏史 (12.1%),药物命名不正确 (11.4%),剂量计算错误 (11.1%),以及非典型的剂量频率 (10.8%).
- 常见的贡献因素组与药物治疗的知识 (30%),影响药物治疗的患者因素 (29.2%),计算/表达错误 (17.5%) 和命名问题 (13.4%) 有关.
结论:
- 许多可识别的因素与大量的药物处方错误有关.
- 针对这些共同因素的教育,技术和风险管理努力可以减轻患者因药物不良事件的风险.
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