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相关概念视频

Yeast Signaling01:28

Yeast Signaling

Yeasts are single-celled organisms, but unlike bacteria, they are eukaryotes (cells with a nucleus). Cell signaling in yeast is similar to signaling in other eukaryotic cells. A ligand, such as a protein or a small molecule released from a yeast cell, attaches to a receptor on the cell surface. The binding stimulates second-messenger kinases to activate or inactivate transcription factors that further regulate gene expression. Many of the yeast intracellular signaling cascades have similar...
Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes02:42

Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes

Transcriptional attenuation occurs when RNA transcription is prematurely terminated due to the formation of a terminator mRNA hairpin structure.  Bacteria use these hairpins to regulate the transcription process and control the synthesis of several amino acids including histidine, lysine, threonine, and phenylalanine. Transcription attenuation takes place in the non-coding regions of mRNA.
There are several different mechanisms used to attenuate transcription. In ribosome mediated...
Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
Transcription in Prokaryotes01:28

Transcription in Prokaryotes

Transcription is a highly regulated process that converts genetic information into RNA molecules. The transcription cycle is divided into three key stages: initiation, elongation, and termination, each driven by specific molecular mechanisms.Initiation of TranscriptionIn bacteria, transcription begins when the RNA polymerase core enzyme associates with a sigma factor to form a holoenzyme. For example, the E. coli sigma factor called σ70 forms a holoenzyme, which recognizes the -10 (Pribnow box)...

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Genome-wide Quantification of Translation in Budding Yeast by Ribosome Profiling
12:57

Genome-wide Quantification of Translation in Budding Yeast by Ribosome Profiling

Published on: December 21, 2017

酵母转录基因组的表征

V E Velculescu1, L Zhang, W Zhou

  • 1Program in Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA.

Cell
|January 24, 1997
PubMed
概括

研究人员使用基因表达的序列分析绘制了酵母基因表达的地图. 这项全基因组研究揭示了成千上万的基因,包括新的基因,并确定了染色体内的活跃转录区域.

科学领域:

  • 基因组学就是基因组学.
  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 酵母遗传学 酵母遗传学

背景情况:

  • 了解酵母转录组对于破译真核生物基因调节至关重要.
  • 之前的研究缺乏全面的全基因组表达数据.
  • 基因表达的序列分析 (SAGE) 为转录分析提供了一种高通量方法.

研究的目的:

  • 分析酵母基因组中表达的完整基因组.
  • 为了生成染色体表达图集定位和表达数据.
  • 识别以前未被描述的基因和转录活动的区域.

主要方法:

  • 利用基因表达的序列分析 (SAGE) 来分析酵母转录组.
  • 超过6万个转录的量化表达水平.
  • 综合基因表达数据与定位信息用于基因组映射.

主要成果:

  • 鉴定了4,665个表达的基因,其水平从0.3到每细胞超过200个转录.
  • 发现了1981个具有已知功能的基因和2684个未表征的基因.
  • 生成染色体表达图,揭示转录活动的物理区域和识别新型基因.

结论:

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity

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High Throughput Yeast Strain Phenotyping with Droplet-Based RNA Sequencing
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High Throughput Yeast Strain Phenotyping with Droplet-Based RNA Sequencing

Published on: May 21, 2020

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Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Genome-wide Quantification of Translation in Budding Yeast by Ribosome Profiling
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Genome-wide Quantification of Translation in Budding Yeast by Ribosome Profiling

Published on: December 21, 2017

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity
09:21

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity

Published on: October 22, 2018

High Throughput Yeast Strain Phenotyping with Droplet-Based RNA Sequencing
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High Throughput Yeast Strain Phenotyping with Droplet-Based RNA Sequencing

Published on: May 21, 2020

  • 提供了对酵母基因表达模式的全球洞察力.
  • 证明了在真核生物中进行全基因组表达研究的可行性.
  • 突出了SAGE在发现新基因和调控区域方面的潜力.