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Visualizing Visual Adaptation

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Published on: April 24, 2017

视网膜处理适应图像对比度和空间尺度

S M Smirnakis¹, M J Berry, D K Warland

¹Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.

|March 6, 1997

概括

神经回路适应视觉输入的变化. 视网膜质细胞适应图像对比度和空间模式,增强视觉处理和潜在的人类对比度适应.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
计算神经科学是一种神经科学.
视觉科学视觉科学视觉科学

背景情况:

神经元面临着动态范围的权衡,限制了输入编码和分级分辨率.
光适应调整视网膜灵敏度以平均光强度,但可能不能完全解决复杂的视觉场景.
有效的视觉编码可能需要适应全强度分布,而不仅仅是平均值.

研究的目的:

调查视网膜质细胞是否适应超出平均强度的图像统计,特别是对比度和空间相关性.
描述这种适应的时间尺度和规模.
为了确定在视网膜内这种适应的基础的神经机制.

主要方法:

在对受控视觉刺激的反应中,从视网膜质细胞进行记录.
操纵图像对比度和空间相关性,同时保持平均强度不变.
分析火速变化及其时间动态.

主要成果:

视网膜质细胞适应图像对比度和空间相关性,即使平均强度是恒定的.
适应发生在几秒钟内,比直接的光响应要慢得多.
观察到2-5倍的发射速率变化,通过视网膜网络中的至少两个位点在光受体之后进行介导.

结论:

视网膜处理表现出显著的可塑性,适应复杂的图像统计.
这种适应对比度和空间相关性可能对高效的视觉编码至关重要.
这些发现表明,一种机制有助于人类在视力中的对比度适应.

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