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糖菌染色体XIV的核酸序列及其进化影响
P Philippsen1, K Kleine, R Pöhlmann
1Institute for Applied Microbiology, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Switzerland.
Nature
|May 29, 1997
概括
研究人员对酵母染色体XIV进行了测序,发现了419个基因,并确定了广泛的基因重复. 这一发现为酵母基因组的进化和组织提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 酵母遗传学 酵母遗传学
背景情况:
- 萨卡罗米切斯大脑细胞XIV染色体测序项目始于1993年.
- 第十四染色体最初的基因数量为49,估计有80-90%的基因尚未被发现.
研究的目的:
- 系统地测序和分析酵母染色体XIV.
- 在XIV染色体上识别所有基因和遗传元素.
- 研究基因组织和重复的进化影响.
主要方法:
- 从酵母染色体XIV中组建一个有序的宇宙生物克隆图书馆.
- 对整个染色体进行系统的序列分析.
- 生物信息分析用于识别蛋白质编码基因,伪基因,逆转移子,tRNA和小核RNA基因.
- 进行比较基因组分析,以确定酵母基因组内的结构同类.
主要成果:
- 酵母染色体XIV (784,328个基对) 的完整序列于1996年4月完成.
- 总共有419个已知或假定的蛋白质编码基因,14个tRNA基因和3个小核RNA基因被确定.
- 对于116个 (30%) 的蛋白质编码序列,发现了结构性同类物,其中许多属于复制基因组,表现出放松的染色体间合成.
结论:
- 酵母染色体XIV的全面测序揭示了大量的基因和遗传元素.
- 具有保存合成的重复基因组的流行表明了酵母基因组的特定进化压力.
- 进一步调查这些重复基因集群的进化起源是有必要的.
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