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在酵母中交配类型的切换是由ASH1mRNA的不对称局部化控制的
1Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 18, 1997
概括
在酵母中,Ash1蛋白的信使RNA (mRNA) 专门定向于子细胞,确保不对称的基因表达. 这种mRNA局部化机制对细胞发育至关重要,可能是古老的真核细胞特征.
科学领域:
- 细胞和分子生物学 细胞和分子生物学
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 不对称的细胞分裂对于多细胞生物的发展至关重要.
- 在Saccharomyces cerevisiae中,交配类型切换依赖于母细胞和子细胞之间的差异性基因表达.
- 这种不对称性与Ash1p抑制蛋白在子细胞中的核定位有关.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究酵母细胞分裂期间Ash1p不对称的机制.
- 为了确定信使RNA (mRNA) 局部化是否在Ash1p分布中起作用.
- 探索mRNA局部化的进化起源.
主要方法:
- 利用了酵母遗传学和分子生物学技术.
- 使用活细胞成像研究ASH1信使RNA (mRNA) 的局部化.
- 采用生物化学测试来评估细胞骨 (动因和肌) 的作用.
- 构建并测试了具有ASH1 3'-未翻译区域 (UTR) 的仿制RNA.
主要成果:
- 发现ASH1mRNA在子细胞中优先积累.
- 这种mRNA局部化过程依赖于actin和myosin细胞骨成分.
- 在ASH1mRNA的3'-UTR中,一个特定的cis作用元素足以将局部化引导到子细胞.
- 含有这种元素的化学RNA也显示出对子细胞的偏好定位.
结论:
- mRNA局部化是产生酵母细胞不对称性的关键机制.
- ASH1 mRNA局部化途径涉及actin-myosin细胞骨架.
- 这些发现表明mRNA局部化可能代表了真核生物进化中的古老机制.
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