相关实验视频
Updated: Aug 9, 2026

10:55
Study of the DNA Damage Checkpoint using Xenopus Egg Extracts
Published on: November 5, 2012
蛋白质分解和DNA复制:在Xenopus卵细胞周期中的CDC34要求
1Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
概括
细胞分裂周期基因CDC34对于Xenopus胚胎中的DNA复制启动至关重要. 这种泛素结合酶通过向像Xic1.1.这样的抑制剂来调节细胞循环的进展.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 细胞分裂周期基因CDC34对于降解G1调节器和推动细胞周期从G1到S阶段在芽酵母中至关重要.
- 在更高的真核生物中,CDC34在启动S阶段中的作用仍未确立.
研究的目的:
- 调查CDC34在更高的真核生物中,特别是Xenopus laevis胚胎中S阶段发作的要求.
- 阐明Cdc34p调节DNA复制启动和细胞周期进展的机制.
主要方法:
- 研究了Xenopus laevis卵的简单胚胎细胞周期.
- 分析了Cdc34p在一个大分子大小的复合体中的功能.
- 研究了Cdc34p与Cdk2-cyclin E以及Xenopus cdk抑制剂Xic1.1.的相互作用.
主要成果:
- 作为大型分子复合体的一部分,Cdc34p被发现对Xenopus胚胎中DNA复制的开始至关重要.
- Cdc34p似乎调节了Cdk2-环素E的启动功能.
- 这种调节可能通过Xenopus cdk抑制剂Xic1.1.的乌比奎丁介导降解而发生.
结论:
- 在更高的真核生物中,CDC34在启动DNA复制和S阶段开始方面发挥着关键作用.
- Cdc34p作为Cdk2-环林E复合物的关键调节剂,可能通过降解其抑制剂Xic1.
- 这些发现将CDC34的已知功能扩展到发芽酵母之外,强调其在细胞循环控制中的保留重要性.
相关概念视频
Replication in Eukaryotes
Overview
The Replisome
DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks
DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart, a...
S-Cdk Initiates DNA Replication
The cell cycle is a series of events leading to DNA duplication followed by the division of cell content to form two daughter cells. The cell cycle progresses in four stages—the cell increases in size (gap 1 or G1-phase), duplicates its DNA (synthesis or S-phase), prepares to divide (gap 2 or G2-phase), and divides (mitosis or M-phase).
Two states at the origin of replication
In eukaryotes, the initiation of replication occurs at many sites on the chromosomes, called the origins of replication.
Two states at the origin of replication
In eukaryotes, the initiation of replication occurs at many sites on the chromosomes, called the origins of replication.
Replication in Eukaryotes
In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
S-Cdk Initiates DNA Replication
The cell cycle is a series of events leading to DNA duplication followed by the division of cell content to form two daughter cells. The cell cycle progresses in four stages—the cell increases in size (gap 1 or G1-phase), duplicates its DNA (synthesis or S-phase), prepares to divide (gap 2 or G2-phase), and divides (mitosis or M-phase).
Two states at the origin of replication
In eukaryotes, the initiation of replication occurs at many sites on the chromosomes, called the origins of replication.
Two states at the origin of replication
In eukaryotes, the initiation of replication occurs at many sites on the chromosomes, called the origins of replication.

