相关实验视频
Updated: Aug 14, 2026

10:35
Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO
Published on: February 12, 2013
在贝特尔盖兹和南极星的水
1Planetary Systems Branch, Code 693, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.
概括
在贝特尔盖兹和南极星的大气层中检测到的热水吸收线揭示了分子水的丰富性. 这一发现提供了对冷恒星大气组成的洞察.
科学领域:
- 天文学和天体物理学
- 频谱学是一种光谱学.
背景情况:
- 红外光谱分析对于了解恒星大气至关重要.
- 之前的研究已经探索了恒星环境中的分子物种.
研究的目的:
- 在贝特尔盖兹和南极星的红外光谱中识别和描述热水吸收线.
- 为了确定这些凉爽的恒星大气中的水的起源和丰富性.
主要方法:
- 对贝特尔盖兹和南极星获得的红外光谱的分析.
- 在12.3微米 (811-819厘米-1) 附近的吸收线的识别.
- 频谱特征与阴影太阳黑子光谱的比较.
主要成果:
- 探测来自恒星大气层的热水吸收线.
- 光谱表现出与状太阳黑子光谱相似之处.
- 在线形成区域的上限温度为2800K.
- 水柱密度是 (3 ± 2) x 1018 分子/厘米2.
- 相对于气,水的丰富度大约是10−7.
结论:
- 热水分子存在于贝特尔盖兹和南极星的大气层中.
- 这些水线表明了冷恒星和太阳黑子中存在的条件.
- 这些发现有助于了解恒星大气的化学组成和热结构.
相关概念视频
States of Water
Water exists in any one of the three classical states: solid (ice), liquid (water), and gas (steam or water vapor). The state of water depends on i) the intermolecular forces that draw molecules together and ii) the kinetic energy that leads to movements that pull them apart.
Water freezes when the intermolecular forces are greater than the kinetic energy. Unlike most other substances, water is less dense in its solid state than in its liquid state. This is because each water molecule can form...
Water freezes when the intermolecular forces are greater than the kinetic energy. Unlike most other substances, water is less dense in its solid state than in its liquid state. This is because each water molecule can form...
The Water Cycle
The Earth’s hydrosphere includes all of the areas where the storage and movement of water occurs. Since water is the basis of all living processes, the cycling of water is extremely important to ecosystem dynamics.
Water and Mineral Acquisition
Specialized tissues in plant roots have evolved to capture water, minerals, and some ions from the soil. Roots exhibit a variety of branching patterns that facilitate this process. The outermost root cells have specialized structures called root hairs that increase the root surface, thus increasing soil contact. Water can passively cross into roots, as the concentration of water in the soil is higher than that of the root tissue. Minerals, in contrast, are actively transported into root cells.
Intermolecular Forces
Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion...
Water: A Bronsted-Lowry Acid and Base
The reaction between a Brønsted-Lowry acid and water is called acid ionization. For example, when hydrogen fluoride dissolves in water and ionizes, protons are transferred from hydrogen fluoride molecules to water molecules, yielding hydronium ions and fluoride ions:
Intermolecular Forces
Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion...

