相关实验视频
Updated: Aug 13, 2026
08:41
Quantifying Abdominal Pigmentation in Drosophila melanogaster
Published on: June 1, 2017
Ultrabithorax在Drosophila物种之间的形态差异中的作用
1Wellcome/CRC Institute, Cambridge, UK.
Nature
|December 16, 1998
概括
超比索拉克斯基因的演变
科学领域:
- 发育生物学是发展生物学.
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 形态进化的机制尚未得到充分理解.
- 基因表达模式与远距离相关的种类中的形态差异相关.
- 了解物种内部和物种之间的发育进化是至关重要的.
研究的目的:
- 研究Hox基因Ultrabithorax在Drosophila melanogaster形态学中的作用.
- 确定Ultrabithorax进化如何导致物种分歧.
- 探索驱动形态多样性的机制.
主要方法:
- 在Drosophila melanogaster中对Ultrabithorax基因调节的详细分析.
- 在密切相关的物种中对Ultrabithorax进行比较研究.
- 关于 cis 调节元素和蛋白质功能的实验研究.
主要成果:
- 超微胸调节了第二条腿的后腿骨上的三体模式.
- 超微胸的进化导致了这种形态特征的分歧.
- 在 cis-regulatory 区域的变化,而不是 Ultrabithorax 蛋白质,与进化有关.
结论:
- 保存基因的交叉调节进化促进了形态多样性.
- Ultrabithorax基因为研究发育进化的研究提供了一个模型.
- 这项研究为关键的进化机制提供了实验证据.
相关概念视频
02:32Position-effect Variegation
In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
02:45The Ratio of X Chromosome to Autosomes
In most organisms, sex is determined by the ratio of X and Y chromosomes. However, in some organisms, such as Drosophila and C.elegans, sex is determined by the ratio of the number of X chromosomes to the number of sets of autosomes. The Y chromosome in Drosophila is active but does not determine sex. It contains genes responsible for the production of sperms in adult flies.
Normal male Drosophila has a ratio of one X chromosome to two sets of autosomes. In contrast, normal female Drosophila...
Normal male Drosophila has a ratio of one X chromosome to two sets of autosomes. In contrast, normal female Drosophila...