艾滋病毒-1在黑猩猩的起源 Pan troglodytes 黑猩猩的起源
F Gao1, E Bailes, D L Robertson
1Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294, USA.
Nature
|February 16, 1999
概括
中部黑猩猩亚种 (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) 是人类免疫缺陷病毒1型 (HIV-1) 的主要储存库. 这种亚种至少是猿类免疫缺陷病毒 (SIVcpz) 至人类三次独立动物传播的来源.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 灵长类动物学 灵长类动物学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 动物传播疾病 动物传播疾病
背景情况:
- 人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV-1和HIV-2) 是源自非人类灵长类动物的动物性感染.
- 虽然HIV-2的猿类免疫缺陷病毒 (SIV) 储存库被确定为灰的曼加贝,但HIV-1的起源仍然不清楚.
- 之前的研究已经确定了与HIV-1相关的黑猩猩猿类免疫缺陷病毒 (SIVcpz),但记录的感染很少见,并且有差异.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定HIV-1的自然储存库.
- 调查SIVcpz菌株的进化起源和传播动态.
- 确定感染SIVcpz的黑猩猩的亚种及其与HIV-1的遗传关系.
主要方法:
- 一个新型SIVcpz菌株 (SIVcpzUS) 的基因组测序.
- 线粒体DNA分析以确定感染SIVcpz的黑猩猩的亚种.
- 对SIVcpz和HIV-1菌株的遗传学分析.
主要成果:
- 两种黑猩猩亚种,中部黑猩猩 (P. t. troglodytes) 和东部黑猩猩 (P. t. schweinfurthii),拥有不同的SIVcpz血统.
- 所有已知的人类HIV-1菌株 (M,N,O群) 与在P. t. troglodytes中发现的SIVcpz血统密切相关.
- 艾滋病毒-1组N表现出马赛克序列,表明在黑猩猩宿主中进行重组,其自然范围与艾滋病毒-1流行地区重叠.
结论:
- 中部黑猩猩亚种 (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) 是HIV-1的主要存储库.
- 至少发生了三次独立的SIVcpz从P. t. troglodytes向人类的动物传播.
- 了解黑猩猩的SIVcpz储库对于防止未来的HIV-1动物传播至关重要.
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