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Verruciform xanthoma associated with squamous cell carcinoma
K D Mannes1, C L Dekle, L Requena
1Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912, USA.
The American Journal of Dermatopathology
|February 23, 1999
Summary
Verruciform xanthoma (VX), a rare oral lesion, can also appear on the skin, sometimes mimicking cancer. This study details an unusual VX case with squamous cell carcinoma features and highlights its occurrence in new locations and association with transplant complications.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Oral Pathology
- Oncology
Background:
- Verruciform xanthoma (VX) is a rare lesion, typically solitary and oral, but can occur on skin, often in anogenital areas.
- Clinical differential diagnoses include verruca vulgaris, condyloma, leukoplakia, verrucous carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma.
- Histologically, VX shows acanthosis with elongated rete ridges and xanthomatous cells in the papillary dermis.
Observation:
- This report describes an unusual case of VX exhibiting features of both VX and squamous cell carcinoma.
- A separate, typical VX lesion was found in the same patient.
- This represents the first reported VX cases on the neck and axilla.
Findings:
- The co-occurrence of VX and squamous cell carcinoma features in a single lesion is rare.
- The patient had a history of bone marrow transplant for acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
- This is the third reported case of VX associated with cutaneous graft versus host disease.
Implications:
- This case expands the clinical and histological spectrum of VX.
- It underscores the importance of considering VX in the differential diagnosis of skin lesions, especially in immunocompromised patients.
- Further research is needed to understand the etiology and malignant potential of VX, particularly in association with specific medical histories.