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Updated: Jul 10, 2026
09:11
A Human Fallopian Tube Model for Investigation of C. trachomatis Infections
Published on: August 11, 2012
Treatment of chancroid, 1997.
1Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. gpsl@cdc.gov
Summary
Treatment guidelines for sexually transmitted diseases from 1993 remain largely effective. However, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and uncircumcision may impact treatment outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
- Microbiology
Background:
- The 1993 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) treatment guidelines for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) established recommended therapeutic regimens.
- Experience since 1993 suggests that the majority of these recommended treatments remain effective for STD management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the continued efficacy of 1993 CDC treatment guidelines for STDs.
- To identify factors influencing treatment effectiveness, including specific drug regimens, geographic location, and patient characteristics.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical experience and available data regarding the effectiveness of recommended and alternative STD treatment regimens.
- Analysis of treatment outcomes in relation to patient factors such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status and circumcision status.
Main Results:
- Recommended therapies (azithromycin, ceftriaxone, erythromycin) show high effectiveness in the United States.
- Ceftriaxone may be less effective in Kenya than previously reported.
- Alternative ciprofloxacin regimen effectiveness varies; single low-dose therapy is less effective than higher doses or longer durations.
- Individuals with HIV infection and uncircumcised males appear to have poorer treatment responses.
Conclusions:
- 1993 STD treatment guidelines remain largely effective, with some regional variations noted.
- Patient factors, including HIV status and circumcision, significantly influence treatment outcomes.
- Adjustments in alternative therapy regimens, particularly for ciprofloxacin, are warranted based on new data.
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