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Angiotensin-converting-enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism and response to physical training
H Montgomery1, P Clarkson, M Barnard
1Centre for Cardiovascular Genetics, University College London, Rayne Institute, UK. h.montgomery@ucl.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|February 24, 1999
Summary
Individuals with the II genotype, indicating lower angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity, showed greater muscle and fat mass gains during intense exercise. This suggests enhanced metabolic efficiency and improved training response.
Area of Science:
- Exercise physiology
- Human genetics
- Metabolic studies
Background:
- The role of local renin-angiotensin systems in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue is poorly understood.
- A common polymorphism in the human angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene (insertion/deletion) influences ACE activity and training response.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between the ACE gene insertion/deletion polymorphism and changes in body composition.
- To explore the metabolic effects of local renin-angiotensin systems during intensive exercise.
Main Methods:
- Three independent methods (bioimpedance, skinfold thickness, MRI) assessed body composition changes.
- Study involved young male army recruits undergoing 10 weeks of intensive physical training.
Main Results:
- The II genotype group exhibited a significantly greater anabolic response in fat mass (0.55 kg) and non-fat mass (1.31 kg) compared to groups with D alleles.
- Body morphology changes during training were dependent on ACE genotype.
Conclusions:
- The II genotype, linked to lower ACE activity, may promote positive energy balance and enhanced metabolic efficiency during rigorous training.
- This finding could explain benefits observed with ACE inhibitor therapies.
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