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Auditory and facial nerve dysfunction in patients with hemifacial microsomia
G J Carvalho1, C S Song, K Vargervik
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Archives of Otolaryngology--Head & Neck Surgery
|February 26, 1999
Summary
Sensorineural hearing loss and facial nerve dysfunction are common in hemifacial microsomia (HFM). This study highlights the need for comprehensive audiological and neurological evaluations in HFM patients.
Area of Science:
- Craniofacial anomalies
- Pediatric otolaryngology
- Neurology
Background:
- Hemifacial microsomia (HFM) is a congenital disorder affecting craniofacial development.
- HFM commonly causes external and middle ear deformities leading to conductive hearing loss.
- The prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and facial nerve dysfunction in HFM is often underestimated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the frequency of auditory and facial nerve dysfunction in pediatric patients with HFM.
- To investigate the relationship between these dysfunctions and the severity of HFM, particularly bilateral cases.
- To assess associations between SNHL and facial nerve dysfunction.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of medical records for 99 pediatric patients diagnosed with HFM.
- Characterization of clinical severity of HFM.
- Assessment of the prevalence and nature of auditory (conductive, SNHL, mixed) and facial nerve dysfunction.
Main Results:
- Hearing loss was identified in 75% of patients (73 with conductive, 11 with SNHL).
- Facial nerve dysfunction was present in 22% of patients.
- No significant association was found between bilateral HFM and SNHL or facial paralysis, nor between auditory and facial nerve dysfunction.
Conclusions:
- Sensorineural hearing loss and facial nerve dysfunction are frequently observed in patients with hemifacial microsomia.
- These findings underscore the importance of thorough audiological and neurological assessments for effective management of HFM.
- Early identification and intervention are crucial for improving outcomes in affected children.
