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Related Concept Videos

Spermatogenesis01:41

Spermatogenesis

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Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male...
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Fertilization01:38

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During fertilization, an egg and sperm cell fuse to create a new diploid structure. In humans, the process occurs once the egg has been released from the ovary, and travels into the fallopian tubes. The process requires several key steps: 1) sperm present in the genital tract must locate the egg; 2) once there, sperm need to release enzymes to help them burrow through the protective zona pellucida of the egg; and 3) the membranes of a single sperm cell and egg must fuse, with the sperm...
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Seed Structure and Early Development of the Sporophyte02:33

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Seed structures are composed of a protective seed coat surrounding a plant embryo, and a food store for the developing embryo. The embryo contains the precursor tissues for leaves, stem, and roots. The endosperm and cotyledons—seed leaves—act as the food reserves for the growing embryo.
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The Angiosperm Life Cycle02:39

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Plants have a life cycle split between two multicellular stages: a haploid stage—with cells containing one set of chromosomes—and a diploid stage—with cells containing two sets of chromosomes. The haploid stage is the gamete-producing gametophyte, and the diploid stage is the spore-producing sporophyte.
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Spermatogenesis01:22

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Spermatogenesis is a complex process that involves the development of sperm cells from undifferentiated stem cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. The process is essential for the production of mature and functional sperm cells that are capable of fertilizing an egg.
The process of spermatogenesis can be divided into mitosis, meiosis, and spermiogenesis. During mitosis, the spermatogonia or stem cells divide to produce two identical daughter cells, type A and B spermatogonia. Type-A...
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Cleavage and Blastulation01:33

Cleavage and Blastulation

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After a large-single-celled zygote is produced via fertilization, the process of cleavage occurs while zygotes travel through the uterine tube. Cleavage is a mitotic cell division that does not result in growth. With each round of successive cell division, daughter cells get increasingly smaller.
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Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Preparation of Intact Tissue for Microscopic Analysis of the Endosperm Cell Layer in Developing and Mature Arabidopsis Seeds
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Preparation of Intact Tissue for Microscopic Analysis of the Endosperm Cell Layer in Developing and Mature Arabidopsis Seeds

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Endosperm development.

F Berger1

  • 1RDP, UMR 9938 46 allée d'Italie 69364 Lyon cedex 07 France. frederic.berger@ens-lyon.fr

Current Opinion in Plant Biology
|February 27, 1999
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers are gaining new insights into plant endosperm development. Studies are clarifying cell cycle control, imprinting, and embryo-endosperm interactions for a holistic view of seed development.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Endosperm development is crucial for seed viability and plant reproduction.
  • Understanding endosperm processes is key to improving crop yields and quality.
  • Recent advancements provide opportunities to re-examine fundamental mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research on endosperm development.
  • To highlight key areas of progress, including cell cycle control and imprinting.
  • To emphasize the emerging integrated approach to seed development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on endosperm development.
  • Analysis of findings related to cell cycle regulation.
  • Examination of research on genomic imprinting mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Renewed interest in endosperm development is yielding significant discoveries.
  • Fundamental processes like cell cycle control and imprinting are better understood.
  • A global view of embryo-endosperm interactions is becoming apparent.

Conclusions:

  • Current research is advancing the understanding of endosperm development.
  • An integrated approach to studying seed development is on the horizon.
  • These insights have implications for plant reproductive biology and agriculture.