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[Pathophysiology of ileus]
Zentralblatt Fur Chirurgie
|March 4, 1999
Summary
Bowel obstruction causes critical illness through gut wall ischemia and hypovolemia. Small bowel obstruction leads to significant fluid and electrolyte loss, while large bowel obstruction risks perforation.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Surgical Pathology
- Critical Care Medicine
Context:
- Bowel obstruction is a common surgical emergency.
- Understanding the endogenous alterations is crucial for managing critical illness.
Purpose:
- To review the endogenous alterations that lead to critical illness in patients with bowel obstruction.
Summary:
- Large bowel obstruction causes local ischemia and perforation risk, without significant hypovolemia or mediator release.
- High small bowel obstruction leads to rapid hypovolemia and electrolyte imbalances.
- Low small bowel obstruction involves bacterial proliferation, mucosal hypersecretion, and systemic endotoxemia, potentially causing organ failure.
- Prostacyclin release in prolonged obstruction can cause cardiopulmonary issues.
Impact:
- Provides insights into the pathophysiology of critical illness in bowel obstruction.
- Highlights differences in critical illness development between small and large bowel obstruction.
- Informs clinical management strategies for bowel obstruction patients.