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Related Experiment Videos

Endothelin receptor distribution and function in the airways.

P J Henry1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia. phenry@receptor.pharm.uwa.edu.au

Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology & Physiology
|March 5, 1999
PubMed
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Endothelin-1 (ET-1) affects lung cells via ETA and ETB receptors. This review details ET receptor distribution and function in human airways and lung, highlighting ETB receptor prevalence.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary pharmacology and physiology
  • Cellular and molecular biology

Background:

  • Endothelin (ET)-1 is produced by various lung cells, including epithelial, endothelial, and inflammatory cells.
  • ET-1 exerts its effects by stimulating endothelin ETA and ETB receptors on different cell types within the lung.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in understanding endothelin receptor distribution and function in the airway wall and peripheral lung.
  • To emphasize studies utilizing human cells, tissues, and subjects.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on endothelin receptors in the lung.
  • Focus on studies involving human lung tissues and subjects.

Main Results:

  • Highest endothelin receptor densities are found in airway smooth muscle and alveolar septae.

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  • While interspecies differences exist, ETB receptors predominate in human lung airway smooth muscle and alveolar septae.
  • ET-1 induces airway smooth muscle contraction/proliferation, facilitates cholinergic neurotransmission, increases mucous gland secretion, causes microvascular leakage, and promotes inflammatory cell influx/activation.
  • Pulmonary ETB receptors may function as clearance receptors for ET-1.

    • Conclusions:

    • Endothelin receptor distribution and function are critical in regulating lung physiology.
    • Alterations in airway endothelin levels, potentially linked to lung pathology, can significantly impact lung cell function.