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Levels of soluble cell adhesion molecules in patients with angiographically defined coronary atherosclerosis
1Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Japan. hh035399@msat.fukuoka-u.ac.jp
Insights
Serum levels of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1), and soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) were not associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) or its extent. However, these adhesion molecules showed inverse relationships with high-density lipoprotein-related lipoproteins.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Immunology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Endothelial cell adhesion molecules are implicated in atherosclerosis pathogenesis.
- Elevated soluble adhesion molecule levels are reported in peripheral artery disease and aortic atherosclerosis.
- The study focuses on specific soluble adhesion molecules: sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, and sP-selectin.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between serum levels of sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, and sP-selectin with coronary heart disease (CHD).
- To examine the relationship of these soluble adhesion molecules with the extent of coronary atherosclerosis.
- To explore the influence of lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins on these associations.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare adhesion molecule levels between patients with and without coronary atherosclerosis, controlling for age and gender.
- Multiple logistic function analysis adjusted for additional risk factors including BMI, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking.
- Coronary atherosclerosis extent was assessed by the number of stenosed vessels.
Main Results:
- Serum levels of sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, and sP-selectin did not significantly differ between patients with and without coronary atherosclerosis.
- After adjusting for multiple risk factors, no significant association was found between these soluble adhesion molecules and CHD.
- No relationship was observed between soluble adhesion molecule levels and the extent of coronary atherosclerosis.
- Inverse relationships were found between sVCAM-1 and HDL3-cholesterol, apo A-II, and specific lipoproteins.
- Inverse relationships were also noted between sICAM-1 and apo A-II, Lp A-I/A-II, and between sP-selectin and apo A-I-containing lipoproteins.
Conclusions:
- Serum levels of sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, and sP-selectin are not directly related to the presence or extent of coronary heart disease.
- These soluble adhesion molecules exhibit inverse associations with certain high-density lipoprotein-related lipoproteins.
- Further research may elucidate the complex interplay between adhesion molecules and lipid metabolism in cardiovascular disease.
Abstract:
Adhesion molecules on the endothelial cell membrane play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Levels of soluble forms of cell adhesion molecules are reportedly elevated in patients with peripheral artery vessel disease and in patients with an atherosclerotic aorta. The present study investigated the association of serum levels of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1), and soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) with coronary heart disease (CHD) and the extent of coronary atherosclerosis, and examined the influence of serum levels of lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins (apo) in subjects with (n=52, M/F:43/9) and without (controls, n=40, M/F:25/15) angiographically proven coronary atherosclerosis. After controlling for age and gender, levels of sVCAM-1 (least squares mean +/- std error: 565+/-36 ng/ml vs 540+/-41 ng/ml, ns), sICAM-1 (261+/-17ng/ml vs 247+/-19ng/ml, ns), and sP-selectin (142+/-8ng/ml vs 149+/-10 ng/ml, ns) in patients with coronary atherosclerosis were not different from those in controls, as assessed by an analysis of covariance. After also adjusting for body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking by a multiple logistic function analysis, the association of sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, and sP-selectin with CHD was still not significant. Levels of sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, and sP-selectin were also not related to the extent of coronary atherosclerosis as judged by the number of stenosed vessels. However, inverse (p<0.05) relationships were observed between sVCAMs and serum levels of HDL3-cholesterol, apo A-II, and lipoprotein containing apo A-I and A-II, between sICAMs and levels of apo A-II and Lp A-I/A-II (Lp A-I/A-II), and between sP-selectin and lipoprotein containing only apo A-I. In conclusion, serum levels of soluble VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and P-selectin were not related to CHD or the extent of coronary atherosclerosis, but were inversely related to serum levels of high-density lipoprotein-related lipoproteins.