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Molar root furcation: morphometric and morphologic analysis.

M Paolantonio1, G di Placido, A Scarano

  • 1Department of Periodontology, University of Chieti, G. D'Annunzio School of Dentistry, Italy.

The International Journal of Periodontics & Restorative Dentistry
|March 27, 1999
PubMed
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This study analyzed molar tooth anatomy, finding complex furcation areas with irregularities. These features can impede effective cleaning during periodontal treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Dental Anatomy
  • Periodontology

Background:

  • The furcation area of molars presents challenges in periodontal treatment.
  • Understanding molar morphometrics is crucial for effective dental hygiene and treatment planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a morphometric and morphologic analysis of maxillary and mandibular first and second molars.
  • To evaluate root length, radicular trunk length (RTL), diameters, inter-radicular angle (IRA), and furcal roof area (FRA).
  • To assess the complexity of the furcation area using multiple microscopy techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Morphometric measurements of 207 maxillary and 207 mandibular molars.
  • Analysis included root length, RTL, mesiodistal and buccolingual diameters (BLD) at the cementoenamel junction, IRA, and FRA.
  • Morphologic examination via stereo microscopy, light microscopy of undecalcified sections, and scanning electron microscopy.

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Main Results:

  • Most morphometric measurements showed no significant statistical correlations.
  • Significant correlations were found between IRA/FRA and IRA/BLD in maxillary molars, and IRA/RTL in maxillary first molars.
  • Microscopy revealed complex furcation anatomy with numerous irregularities and plaque-retentive structures.

Conclusions:

  • The furcation area's complex anatomy, with irregularities, poses challenges for cleaning during periodontal therapy.
  • These findings highlight the need for meticulous cleaning techniques in molar furcation areas.