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Summary
Most renal cyst surgeries are unnecessary, with percutaneous puncture often sufficient for diagnosis and treatment. Nephrectomy should be exceptional, preserving renal parenchyma whenever possible.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Nephrology
Background:
- Renal cysts are common, with varied treatment approaches.
- Surgical intervention rates for renal cysts are high.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze therapeutic approaches for renal cysts.
- To evaluate the necessity and outcomes of surgical interventions.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 1,342 renal cyst cases from multiple centers.
- Review of treatment modalities, including surgery and percutaneous puncture.
Main Results:
- 1 in 2 patients underwent surgery; 1 in 6 surgeries was a nephrectomy.
- Mortality rate was 1.2%, with 10% experiencing complications.
- Percutaneous puncture is effective for diagnosis and treatment in most cases.
- Cancer association with cysts is rare and usually symptomatic.
Conclusions:
- Systematic surgery for renal cysts is often unwarranted.
- Percutaneous puncture is a preferred diagnostic and therapeutic option.
- Cyst dome resection is the preferred surgical method when indicated.
- Nephrectomy should be reserved for exceptional circumstances to preserve renal function.