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[Hantavirus and pulmonary pathology].

B Le Guenno1

  • 1Centre National de Référence des Fièvres hémorragiques virales et des Arbovirus, Institut Pasteur, Paris.

Revue De Pneumologie Clinique
|April 1, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Hantaviruses are ancient viruses harbored by rodents, not a new emerging disease. They cause severe respiratory illness in North America and kidney disease in Eurasia, with diagnosis relying on serology.

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Area of Science:

  • * Virology and Zoonotic Diseases: Focus on hantaviruses and their rodent hosts.
  • * Epidemiology: Analysis of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) distribution and incidence.
  • * Public Health: Understanding the impact of hantaviruses on human health and disease surveillance.

Context:

  • * Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) gained recognition in the U.S. in 1993, but hantaviruses have long existed in rodent populations.
  • * Phylogenetic links between hantaviruses and their murine hosts suggest ancient co-evolution, refuting recent emergence theories.
  • * Hantaviruses are endemic globally, causing distinct disease syndromes in different geographical regions.

Purpose:

  • * To clarify the long-standing presence and evolutionary history of hantaviruses.
  • * To differentiate hantavirus-induced diseases in Eurasia (HFRS) and North America (HPS).
  • * To highlight diagnostic challenges and advancements in understanding hantavirus public health impact.

Summary:

  • * Hantaviruses, harbored by rodents for millennia, are not a novel emerging disease.
  • * Eurasian hantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome; North American strains cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.
  • * Diagnosis is primarily serological, with improved tools enhancing public health assessment.
  • * Human transmission is not observed; cases predominantly affect adult males due to exposure routes.

Impact:

  • * Enhanced understanding of hantavirus evolution and host-virus relationships.
  • * Improved public health strategies for surveillance and diagnosis of HPS and HFRS.
  • * Informed risk assessment for rodent-borne zoonotic diseases globally.

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