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Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface
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Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface

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Complexity and climate

Rind1

  • 1NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 2, 1999
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Climate forecasting involves understanding both predictable ordered forcing and unpredictable chaotic behavior. Future climate change predictions primarily focus on human-caused forcing, but the impact of chaotic elements remains uncertain.

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Area of Science:

  • Climate science
  • Atmospheric dynamics
  • Earth system science

Background:

  • Earth's climate system exhibits both deterministic (ordered) and stochastic (chaotic) behaviors.
  • Current climate change projections emphasize anthropogenic forcing, such as greenhouse gas emissions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the dual nature of climate systems, encompassing both ordered and chaotic components.
  • To underscore the need to consider the role of chaotic behavior in future climate change predictions.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of climate system dynamics.
  • Review of current climate forecasting methodologies.

Main Results:

  • Climate is a complex system influenced by both ordered forcing and chaotic dynamics.
  • Forecasting models predominantly address ordered responses to anthropogenic forcing.

Conclusions:

  • The significance of chaotic components in future climate change is currently unknown.
  • Further research is needed to quantify the impact of chaotic behavior on climate projections.