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Related Experiment Videos

Comparative biological tests on segmented polyurethanes for cardio-vascular applications.

M C Tanzi1, M Resnati, M G Lampugnani

  • 1Department of Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Italy.

Clinical Materials
|December 9, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Five biomedical polyurethanes were evaluated for cardiovascular prostheses. All tested polyurethanes demonstrated excellent hemocompatibility and low cytotoxicity, with no significant differences observed among them.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Segmented polyurethane (SPU) elastomers are crucial for cardiovascular prostheses.
  • Selecting biocompatible materials is essential for device safety and efficacy.
  • Previous research indicates varying biological responses to different polyurethane formulations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the biological performance of five commercial biomedical polyurethanes.
  • To identify a suitable SPU elastomer for cardiovascular prosthesis development.
  • To assess hemocompatibility and cellular interactions of selected polyurethanes.

Main Methods:

  • Hemolysis, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and prothrombin time (PT) coagulation tests were performed.

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  • Cytotoxicity assays and human endothelial cell seeding were conducted.
  • Samples were sterilized via gamma irradiation, and tested using solvent-cast methods (THF or DMAC).

    • Main Results:

    • All tested polyurethanes exhibited no toxicity to blood, confirmed by hemolysis and coagulation tests.
    • Cytotoxicity and cell adhesion assays showed no adverse effects on blood cells.
    • No significant differences in biological performance were observed among the polyurethanes under the tested conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • The evaluated polyurethanes are suitable for cardiovascular prosthesis applications due to their hemocompatibility and low cytotoxicity.
    • Cardiothane showed slightly reduced endothelial cell adhesion compared to other materials.
    • Further investigation into material-specific physico-chemical properties may be warranted for optimizing endothelialization.