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Ocular manifestations of cardiovascular and hematologic disorders
1University of California, Davis, USA.
Insights
Ophthalmologists can detect cardiovascular and hematologic diseases through eye exams. Early detection of these systemic conditions, including sickle cell disease and leukemia, is crucial for patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Cardiology
- Hematology
Background:
- Cardiovascular and hematologic diseases often manifest with ocular symptoms.
- Ophthalmologists play a key role in identifying patients at risk for systemic events.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in understanding ocular manifestations of cardiovascular and hematologic diseases.
- To highlight the importance of ophthalmic examination in diagnosing systemic conditions.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent literature on ocular manifestations of cardiovascular and hematologic diseases.
- Discussion of specific conditions including hypertension, carotid artery disease, cardiac disorders, sickle cell hemoglobinopathy, aplastic anemia, leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma.
Main Results:
- Systemic conditions like hypertension and carotid artery disease commonly present with ophthalmic findings.
- Ocular ischemic changes can indicate underlying aortic or congenital cardiac disorders.
- Hematologic disorders, both benign and malignant, have diverse ocular presentations.
- Increased survival post-bone marrow transplantation leads to identification of secondary ophthalmic complications.
Conclusions:
- Ophthalmic examinations are vital for early detection of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease risk.
- Ocular findings in hematologic diseases can signal serious systemic complications with significant visual impact.
- Continued research is needed to further elucidate the relationship between systemic diseases and their ocular manifestations.
Abstract:
The past year's important advancements in the ocular manifestations of cardiovascular and hematologic diseases are reviewed. Systemic changes related to blood pressure and carotid artery disease are commonly manifested on the ophthalmic examination. Ocular ischemic changes have been observed in patients with unusual aortic or congenital cardiac disorders. The ophthalmologist plays an important role in the detection of patients who are at risk for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. The hematologic disorders affecting the eye are subdivided into benign and malignant categories. A spectrum of diseases that include sickle cell hemoglobinopathy, aplastic anemia, leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma are discussed. With increased patient survival time after bone marrow transplantation, secondary ophthalmic complications are being identified. Although the ocular findings in the hematologic maladies are diverse, they may be an indication of serious systemic complications and have significant visual consequences.