The reinforcement of dentures

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Dental Materials Engineering
• Polymer Science

Background:

• Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is the standard material for complete dentures.
• Despite its aesthetic qualities, PMMA exhibits suboptimal mechanical properties, leading to prosthesis fracture.
• Denture base material failure can stem from inherent material weaknesses or multifactorial causes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review methods for enhancing the mechanical properties of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) denture base materials.
• To analyze advancements in improving the impact resistance and overall durability of PMMA.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of research published over the last 30 years.
• Analysis of three primary strategies for PMMA improvement: alternative materials, chemical modification, and material reinforcement.
• Examination of studies involving rubber graft copolymers, carbon fibers, glass fibers, and ultra-high modulus polyethylene.

Main Results:

• PMMA's popularity is attributed to a balance of properties, not singular excellence.
• Mechanical deficiencies of PMMA remain a significant challenge in denture fabrication.
• Three main avenues exist for PMMA enhancement: new materials, chemical alteration, and composite reinforcement.

Conclusions:

• Improving the mechanical integrity of PMMA is crucial for durable and reliable dentures.
• Ongoing research focuses on developing superior denture base materials through various modification techniques.
• The review highlights the continuous effort to overcome PMMA's limitations in prosthetic applications.