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T2 vertebral bone marrow changes after space flight.

A LeBlanc1, C Lin, H Evans

  • 1Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. aleblanc@bcm.tmc.edu

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|April 16, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Space flight alters bone marrow composition. Cellular T2 relaxation times increased post-flight, suggesting potential increases in bone marrow osteoblastic activity during recovery.

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Area of Science:

  • Space Biology
  • Bone Physiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Immobilization leads to increased bone marrow adipose tissue and decreased cellular fraction.
  • Space flight is a unique form of unloading that may impact bone marrow composition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in bone marrow composition in astronauts after space flight.
  • To assess the cellular fraction and transverse relaxation time (T2) of bone marrow using in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized in vivo volume-localized magnetic resonance spectroscopy (VLMRS).
  • Measured apparent cellular fraction and T2 in four astronauts before and after a 17-day Spacelab mission.
  • Compared post-flight measurements with pre-flight baseline and with seven non-astronaut control subjects.
Keywords:
NASA Discipline MusculoskeletalNASA Experiment Number 284054Non-NASA Center

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Main Results:

  • No significant immediate change in the cellular fraction was observed post-flight.
  • The T2 of the cellular component of bone marrow significantly increased in all astronauts after space flight.
  • This T2 increase showed a variable time course for return to baseline, lasting several months.
  • Control subjects did not exhibit significant changes in T2.

Conclusions:

  • Space flight alters bone marrow cellular properties, indicated by increased T2 relaxation times.
  • The observed T2 changes may suggest increased osteoblastic activity during the recovery phase after space flight.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms and long-term implications of these findings.