Unlocking orthodontic malocclusions: an interplay between form and function

It is possible to unlock dental malocclusions in a functional or mechanical manner, or in a combination of these two processes. Functional unlocking starts with an in-depth diagnosis of all aspects of a specific malocclusion including a recognition of those craniofacial dysfunctions that may be present. Craniofacial dysfunctions that may require treatment include those that involve the vegetative processes of breathing and swallowing and all aspects of cranial posture. This form of unlocking deals with the working environment of the oral cavity, that here, is also referred to as the oral functional matrix. Functional unlocking encompasses cognitive awareness training that involves patients in the treatment of their dysfunction. The early resolution of oral dysfunctions is not only an essential part of orthodontic treatment but it is also a vital component of the stability of the treatment results obtained. Mechanical unlocking, in contrast to functional unlocking, removes occlusal interferences that could interfere with the development and function of the entire stomatognathic system. Both functional and mechanical unlocking are often overlooked in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. This article uses clinical examples, where possible, to illustrate how malocclusions may be unlocked to provide better and more stable treatment results.