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Form perception with a 49-point electrotactile stimulus array on the tongue: a technical note.

P Bach-y-Rita1, K A Kaczmarek, M E Tyler

  • 1Center for Neuroscience and the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706, USA. pbachyri@facstaff.wisc.edu

Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development
|April 29, 1999
PubMed
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Tactile shape recognition using tongue electrotactile stimulation achieved 79.8% accuracy. This tongue-based system is more efficient than fingertip stimulation, offering a promising avenue for visual prosthetics.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Electrotactile stimulation is a potential sensory substitution method for individuals with visual impairments.
  • Previous research has explored fingertip electrotactile stimulation for tactile feedback.
  • The tongue presents a novel, high-density sensory surface for potential electrotactile applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility and performance of form perception using an electrotactile array on the tongue.
  • To compare tongue electrotactile stimulation with fingertip electrotactile stimulation.
  • To lay the groundwork for a practical, wearable visual aid for the blind.

Main Methods:

  • Five sighted adult subjects participated in the study.

Related Experiment Videos

  • A 49-point electrotactile array was used to deliver tactile patterns approximating circles, squares, and triangles.
  • Stimulation was delivered to the tongue across various array sizes (4x4 to 7x7 electrodes).

    • Main Results:

    • Tongue electrotactile stimulation demonstrated superior performance compared to fingertip stimulation.
    • The tongue required significantly lower voltage (5-15 V, 3%) and a mean current of 1.612 mA.
    • Overall shape recognition accuracy across all tested sizes was 79.8%.

    Conclusions:

    • The tongue is a viable and efficient sensory surface for electrotactile feedback.
    • The findings support the development of a tongue-based electrotactile system as part of a visual prosthesis.
    • Future work will focus on integrating this technology into a wireless, cosmetically acceptable device for the visually impaired.