Cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships among age, cognition, and processing speed
1Rose F. Kennedy Center for Mental Retardation and Human Development, Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA. sliwinsk@aecom.yu.edu
Abstract:
Cross-sectional and longitudinal age effects on cognitive function were examined in 302 older adults followed longitudinally. Processing speed was related to cognitive performance at cross-section, and change in speed predicted within-person longitudinal cognitive decline. Statistical control of processing speed greatly reduced cross-sectional age effects but did not attenuate longitudinal aging effects. This difference in processing speed's ability to account for cross-sectional and longitudinal age effects is discussed in the context of theories of cognitive aging and methodological and statistical issues pertaining to the cross-sectional and longitudinal study of cognitive aging.
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