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Recurrent aphthous stomatitis in Behçet's disease: clinical features and correlation with systemic disease expression
1Department of Medicine B, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel.
Summary
Major recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is common in Behçet's disease (BD) and indicates more severe oral issues. However, it does not predict increased systemic disease severity in BD patients.
Area of Science:
- Immunodermatology
- Rheumatology
- Oral Medicine
Background:
- Behçet's disease (BD) is a multisystemic inflammatory disorder.
- Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a hallmark symptom in nearly all BD patients.
- Understanding RAS subtypes in BD is crucial for disease management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence of major and minor RAS in BD patients.
- To correlate RAS type with the systemic manifestation and severity of Behçet's disease.
- To compare RAS characteristics between BD patients and those with idiopathic RAS.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 35 Behçet's disease patients was analyzed.
- Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) was classified as major, minor, or herpetiform.
- Comparison with a control group of patients suffering from idiopathic RAS.
- Disease severity was assessed using a standardized scoring system.
Main Results:
- Major RAS occurred significantly more frequently in BD patients (37%) than in idiopathic RAS controls (9%).
- BD patients with major RAS experienced more frequent, prolonged, and severe oral ulcer relapses, starting at a younger age.
- No significant difference in systemic disease activity or severity scores was observed between BD patients with major versus minor RAS.
Conclusions:
- Major RAS is a prevalent oral manifestation in Behçet's disease.
- Major RAS is linked to a more aggressive and persistent oral disease course in BD.
- The presence of major RAS does not serve as a predictor for increased systemic disease severity in Behçet's disease.