Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 11, 2026
09:27
New Tools to Expand Regulatory T Cells from HIV-1-infected Individuals
Published on: May 30, 2013
Declining HIV/AIDS mortality in New York City
M A Chiasson1, L Berenson, W Li
1Division of Disease Intervention, New York City Department of Health, New York 10013, USA.
Summary
New York City saw a significant decrease in AIDS deaths after 1995, coinciding with new treatments. However, the rate of decline slowed in 1998, indicating ongoing challenges in combating HIV/AIDS.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- New York City accounts for a disproportionately high percentage of AIDS cases in the U.S.
- Understanding HIV/AIDS trends is critical for public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze trends in HIV/AIDS mortality in New York City from 1983 to 1998.
- To assess the impact of new antiretroviral therapies on HIV/AIDS outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Observational study utilizing New York City's vital events and AIDS case surveillance registries.
- Analysis of HIV/AIDS mortality data from 1983 through June 30, 1998.
Main Results:
- HIV/AIDS deaths peaked in 1995, then declined sharply by 63% by 1997.
- Mortality declines were observed across all demographic groups and transmission categories.
- An increase in the number of people living with AIDS was noted from 1995 to 1998.
Conclusions:
- The widespread availability of effective antiretroviral therapies correlated with the significant decline in HIV/AIDS deaths.
- A slowing of the mortality decline in 1998 suggests that while therapies are effective, AIDS-related deaths will persist.
Related Concept Videos
01:10Retrovirus Life Cycles
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the retrovirus to...
01:22Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures
Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
01:29Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
01:27Cryptococcal Meningitis
Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
01:28Amebiasis
Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...