[Cardiovascular diseases and sports]

Regular physical activity has been found helpful--contrary to previous belief--in heart disease and has a positive effect on the wellbeing of the patient. A positive effect on the mortality rate from coronary heart disease with normal left ventricular function has been found. The physical performance of the patient with impaired left ventricular function increases via reduction of peripheral vascular resistance, increased blood flow and more efficient muscle metabolism. Patients with arterial hypertension profit equally from a regular workout. But in the presence of end organ damage high intensity sports should be avoided. In cases of congenital valvular disease with heart failure and right and left ventricular congestion the activity level should be adapted to the symptoms. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most common reason for sudden death in young athletes. If diagnosed, all high intensity sports are strictly forbidden. Threatening ventricular arrhythmias are seldom found in young adults. Symptomatic arrhythmias should be investigated for organic causes.