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Related Experiment Videos

Acyl-coenzyme A:cholesteryl acyltransferase 2.

C Joyce1, K Skinner, R A Anderson

  • 1Department of Pathology (Comparative Medicine), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA.

Current Opinion in Lipidology
|May 18, 1999
PubMed
Summary

A newly identified enzyme, acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase-2 (ACAT2), in the liver and intestine may drive cholesteryl ester secretion. Targeting ACAT2 could reduce coronary heart disease risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Cardiovascular Science

Background:

  • Acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase-1 (ACAT1) is a known enzyme involved in cellular lipid metabolism.
  • Recent studies reveal a second ACAT enzyme, ACAT2, present in mammalian liver and intestine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of ACAT2 in cholesteryl ester secretion and its potential link to atherosclerosis.
  • To evaluate ACAT2 as a therapeutic target for coronary heart disease.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme activity assays
  • Lipoprotein analysis
  • In vivo studies in mammalian models (nonhuman primates, mice, humans)

Main Results:

  • ACAT2 is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum of liver and intestinal cells.

Related Experiment Videos

  • ACAT2 activity is suggested to be responsible for cholesteryl ester secretion into lipoproteins.
  • Cholesteryl ester-enriched LDL in nonhuman primates is linked to increased atherogenicity, potentially mediated by hepatic ACAT2.

    • Conclusions:

    • ACAT2 plays a significant role in the metabolism and secretion of cholesteryl esters.
    • ACAT2 is a promising therapeutic target for reducing the risk of coronary heart disease.