Related Experiment Videos
[Renal calculosis in pediatrics]
B J Khoory1, A Pedrolli, S Vecchini
1Clinica Pediatrica, Università di Verona.
Insights
Pediatric urinary stones, including nephrocalcinosis and urolithiasis, affect 1 in 20,000 children. Diagnosis involves biohumoral tests and ultrasound to identify diverse causes.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Urology
- Medical Diagnostics
Background:
- Urinary stones (calculi) are a significant pediatric concern, with a prevalence of 1 case per 20,000 children annually.
- Both nephrocalcinosis and urolithiasis can occur, impacting different parts of the urinary tract.
- The causes of urinary stones are diverse, encompassing metabolic, infectious, anatomic, and idiopathic factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the key aspects of pediatric urinary stones.
- To highlight the diagnostic approaches for suspected urinary stones in children.
- To underscore the need for comprehensive disease knowledge in managing these conditions.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on pediatric urinary stones.
- Emphasis on routine diagnostic procedures.
- Biohumoral tests and ultrasound examination are standard initial steps.
Main Results:
- Urinary stones are not rare in pediatric populations.
- A broad spectrum of underlying etiologies necessitates thorough investigation.
- Standard diagnostic protocols include biohumoral tests and ultrasound.
Conclusions:
- Effective diagnosis and treatment of pediatric urinary stones require understanding a wide range of potential causes.
- Early suspicion should lead to prompt biohumoral and ultrasound evaluations.
- Addressing the diverse etiologies is crucial for successful management.
Abstract:
Urinary stones (calculi) are not a rare problem in pediatrics, presenting a prevalence of 1 case/20,000 children/year. Both nephrocalcinosis (deposition of calculi within the renal parenchyma) and urolithiasis (stone formation in the calyces, renal pelvis and bladder) may occur. Etiology of urinary stones involves metabolic, infectious, anatomic and idiopathic causes. Diagnosis and treatment require knowledge of a wide range of diseases. After urinary stones have been suspected, biohumoral tests and ultrasound examination should be routinely performed.