[Radiochemistry of polysaccharides (review)]

Data on the radiolysis of polysaccharides (in the form of aqueous solutions in liquid or frozen states, and native "dry" preparations) is surveyed to explore the possibility of participation of free radicals in formation of ruptures in macromolecules, low-molecular products of polysaccharides decomposition, carbonyl, carboxyl, and peroxide groups in the macromolecules. The reaction schemes for principal transformation pathways of polysaccharides free radicals account for ultimate molecular products of the radiolysis. Effects of the adsorbed structured water on formation and conversions of free radicals, of postradiation polymer decomposition, and radiation protection of polysaccharides are discussed.