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Familial factors influence level of functioning in pervasive developmental disorder
J E MacLean1, P Szatmari, M B Jones
1Department of Psychiatry, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Summary
Siblings with pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) show familial resemblance in nonverbal IQ and adaptive behaviors, but not PDD subtype. This suggests distinct genetic factors may influence PDD presentation and functioning levels.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Psychology
- Genetics
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Background:
- Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD) encompass a range of neurodevelopmental conditions.
- Understanding the genetic underpinnings of PDD is crucial for diagnosis and intervention.
- Familial aggregation studies help elucidate the role of genetic versus environmental factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate familial resemblance in PDD subtypes, symptom severity, and functional levels among siblings.
- To determine if specific PDD symptoms or overall functioning show stronger familial patterns.
Main Methods:
- Analyzed familial correlations for PDD subtype, symptom totals, adaptive behaviors, and nonverbal IQ.
- Included data from 94 children diagnosed with PDD across 46 families.
Main Results:
- Familial resemblance was observed in nonverbal IQ and adaptive behaviors (socialization, communication).
- No significant familial aggregation was found for PDD subtype.
- Impairments in nonverbal communication showed some familial tendency.
Conclusions:
- Evidence suggests potential genetic heterogeneity in PDD, with separate mechanisms possibly influencing higher- and lower-functioning individuals.
- Findings indicate that genetic studies of PDD should consider this heterogeneity.