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A novel object-independent "balanced" reference scan for echo-planar imaging.

S B Reeder1, A Z Faranesh, E Atalar

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI
|June 18, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Interleaved echo-planar imaging (EPI) suffers from ghosting artifacts due to system time delays. A new balanced reference method is proposed to independently measure these delays, improving EPI accuracy.

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • Image Reconstruction
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Interleaved echo-planar imaging (EPI) is prone to ghosting artifacts.
  • These artifacts stem from system time delays causing data misregistration.
  • Current methods using reference scans are object-dependent and biased by field inhomogeneities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the effects of magnetic field inhomogeneities on system time delay estimation in EPI.
  • To propose a novel, object-independent method for accurate time delay measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of magnetic field inhomogeneities' influence on time delay estimation.
  • Development of a "balanced" reference method utilizing two readout echo trains.

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Main Results:

  • Demonstration of object-dependency in conventional reference scan techniques.
  • Introduction of a balanced reference method for unbiased time delay estimation.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed balanced reference method offers an object-independent approach to EPI time delay measurement.
  • This method mitigates biases from magnetic field inhomogeneities and chemical shift, enhancing EPI artifact correction.