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Related Concept Videos

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones01:29

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
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Analgesia and Pain Management

Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:27

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Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It can be either acute or chronic.
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Pain01:20

Pain

Pain serves as a critical warning signal that alerts the body to potential or actual harm. When mechanical pressure on the skin is intense, such as from a sharp pinch, the sensation transitions from touch to pain. Similarly, extreme temperatures, like a hot pot handle, convert the sensation of heat into pain. Pain can also result from overstimulation of other senses, such as blinding light, loud noise, or the intense heat from habañero peppers. This ability to sense pain is essential for...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Determining heat and mechanical pain threshold in inflamed skin of human subjects
13:21

Determining heat and mechanical pain threshold in inflamed skin of human subjects

Published on: January 14, 2009

Acute pain.

D B Carr1, L C Goudas

  • 1Department of Anesthesia and Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA. dcarr02@emerald.tufts.edu

Lancet (London, England)
|June 22, 1999
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Effective acute pain management is crucial for patient recovery and preventing chronic pain. Improved analgesia strategies, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods, are essential post-surgery.

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Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Determining heat and mechanical pain threshold in inflamed skin of human subjects
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Published on: January 14, 2009

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Pain Management
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Historically, post-operative pain management involved delayed analgesia administration, leading to significant patient suffering.
  • Nearly half of surgical patients experience moderate to severe acute pain, impacting recovery and increasing complication risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the process of acute pain.
  • To outline measures for controlling acute pain using pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current practices in post-anesthesia care.
  • Discussion of drug-based and non-drug-based pain management strategies.

Main Results:

  • Inadequate acute pain control can prolong hospital stays and lead to complications like pneumonia.
  • Acute pain can cause long-term neuronal changes, contributing to chronic pain and psychological distress.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced acute pain control is vital for patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs.
  • Similarities exist between acute pain and other pain types, suggesting unified management approaches.