Evidence that cyclophilin-A protects cells against oxidative stress

Cyclophilin-A is the cytosolic isoform of a family of peptidylproline cis-trans-isomerases that bind cyclosporin A. This study investigates the role of cyclophilin-A in necrotic cell death, induced by 'chemical ischaemia' and by t-butylhydroperoxide. An 18-mer antisense phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide was used to target a translated region of cyclophilin-A mRNA in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. After a 24 h exposure to the oligonucleotide, the amount of cyclophilin-A in the cells was decreased by at least 93% as judged by immunological and enzymic criteria. For the enzyme assays, peptidyl proline cis-trans-isomerase activity was measured fluorimetrically in small (10 microl) volumes of cell extract. Immunoblots were developed with a polyclonal anti-cyclophilin-A antibody after sample isoelectric focusing and SDS/PAGE. Cyclophilin-A suppression had no effect on cyanide-plus-2-deoxyglucose-induced cell death. However, cyclophilin-A-suppressed cells were markedly more sensitive to t-butylhydroperoxide. Cyclosporin A conferred some resistance to the peroxide in both types of cell, but protection was greater in cyclophilin-A-suppressed cells, where cyclosporin A increased the survival time 2-fold. It is concluded that two cyclophilin isoforms are involved, in quite different ways, in peroxide-induced cell death. Cyclophilin-A has a protective role. Another isoform, possibly mitochondrial cyclophilin-D, has a deleterious role, such that blockade by cyclosporin A leads to protection.