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Neuropsychiatric effects of manganese on mood
R M Bowler1, D Mergler, M P Sassine
1San Francisco State University, USA. rbowl@sfsu.edu
Abstract:
Adverse mood effects of overexposure to Manganese (Mn) have been described in 15 studies which frequently report an association of Mn exposure with adverse effects in six dimensions of mood: 1) anxiety, nervousness, irritability; 2) psychotic experiences; 3) emotional disturbance; 4) fatigue, lack of vigor, sleep disturbance; 5) impulsive/compulsive behavior; 6) aggression hostility. Only 1:15 studies used a standardized psychological measure of mood, while the current study of environmental Mn exposure used two standardized mood scales in evaluating low levels of Mn exposure and mood sequelae. The Profile of Moods State (POMS) and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) were used, and results indicate that men who are older and have higher Mn levels show significant disturbances on four of the six mood dimensions. Increased scores were seen in the anxiety, nervousness, irritability; emotional disturbance; and aggression, hostility dimensions relative to those who had lower levels of Mn. The BSI and POMS are useful adjuncts in the assessment of mood/Mn effects.
Insights
High manganese (Mn) exposure in older men is linked to significant mood disturbances, including anxiety and aggression. This study highlights the impact of environmental manganese on mental well-being.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Neurotoxicology
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Overexposure to manganese (Mn) is associated with adverse mood effects across six dimensions.
- Previous studies often lacked standardized mood assessments.
- Environmental Mn exposure requires further investigation for mood sequelae.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the relationship between low-level environmental manganese exposure and mood disturbances.
- To utilize standardized psychological measures for mood assessment in relation to Mn levels.
Main Methods:
- The study employed two standardized mood scales: the Profile of Mood States (POMS) and the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI).
- Environmental manganese exposure levels were assessed.
- Data were analyzed to identify correlations between Mn levels, age, and mood dimensions.
Main Results:
- Older men with higher manganese levels exhibited significant mood disturbances.
- Increased scores were observed in anxiety, nervousness, irritability, emotional disturbance, and aggression/hostility dimensions.
- The Profile of Mood States (POMS) and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) proved useful in assessing mood/Mn effects.
Conclusions:
- Environmental manganese exposure, particularly in older men, can lead to notable adverse mood effects.
- Standardized mood assessments are crucial for accurately evaluating the impact of manganese on mental health.
- The findings underscore the importance of monitoring and managing manganese exposure to mitigate psychological sequelae.